The Soviets did not bother employing tanks in areas where the urban destruction restricted their mobility. The Front was reformed from reserve armies on 22 October 1942. В 12 т. The British historian Antony Beevor noted the "sinister" message from the Stalingrad Front's Political Department on 8 October 1942 that: "The defeatist mood is almost eliminated and the number of treasonous incidents is getting lower" as an example of the sort of coercion Red Army soldiers experienced under the Special Detachments (later to be renamed SMERSH). On 5 September, the Soviet 24th and 66th Armies organized a massive attack against XIV Panzer Corps. "As quick as lightning, the Panzergrenadiers jumped from their wagons. 227 of 27 July 1942 decreed that all commanders who ordered unauthorised retreats would be subject to a military tribunal. Joseph Goebbels read the text of his speech for him on the radio. One thrust would come from the area of Kotelnikovo, well to the south, and around a hundred miles from the Sixth Army. 160 aircraft were destroyed and 328 were heavily damaged (beyond repair).  |url=. The Soviets built up a large number of artillery batteries on the east bank of the Volga. At a minimum, 500 tons were required. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFManstein2004 (. "[60] Infantryman Lev Lvovich's explanation, for example, is typical for these interviews; as he recalls, "[i]t was a necessary and important step. In den Rahmen der Note fällt viele Eigenarten, um das beste Testergebniss zu sehen. – Operation Thunderclap being the code word initiating the breakout. [70] The Soviet command moved units from the Red Army strategic reserve in the Moscow area to the lower Volga, and transferred aircraft from the entire country to the Stalingrad region. [48] During the battle the 62nd Army had the most arrests and executions: 203 in all, of which 49 were executed, while 139 were sent to penal companies and battalions. In the Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943),[17][18][19][20] Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in Southern Russia. Most notably, he promoted Paulus to the rank of Generalfeldmarschall. [41]:106 Civilians, including women and children, were put to work building trenchworks and protective fortifications. The German forces arrive in the working-class district of Stalingrad and tries to capture one of the factories, but the Russian forces will not let them! On 23 December, the Soviet 24th Tank Corps, commanded by Major-General Vasily Mikhaylovich Badanov, reached nearby Skassirskaya and in the early morning of 24 December, the tanks reached Tatsinskaya. England would be again bombarded, threat of invasion revived... And now! [107][108], There was no cameraman to film the capture of Paulus, but one of them (Roman Karmen) was able to record his first interrogation this same day, at Shumilov's 64th Army's HQ, and a few hours later at Rokossovsky's Don Front HQ. Ivan's War (New York: 2006), 156. quoted in Merridale, Catherine. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBeevor1999 (, Alexander Werth, Russia at War 1941–1945, New York, E. P. Dutton & Co, Inc., 1964, p. 562. The destruction of 72 aircraft when the airfield at Tatsinskaya was overrun meant the loss of about 10 percent of the Luftwaffe transport fleet.[121]. Lieutenant General Alexander Rodimtsev was in charge of the 13th Guards Rifle Division, and received one of two Heroes of the Soviet Union awarded during the battle for his actions. Im Sturmovik battle of stalingrad Test sollte der Gewinner bei so gut wie allen Kriterien gewinnen. Of the 120 tanks the Soviets had committed, 30 were lost to air attack.[1]:75. [122] Stalingrad marked the first time that the Nazi government publicly acknowledged a failure in its war effort. According to Stephen Walsh: Romanian casualties were 158,854. "He described the situation in very sombre terms", recorded Raus. Hence it was ineffective in relieving the 6th army. Paulus had requested permission to "withdraw the 6th Army behind the Don," but was rejected. That would mean 350 Ju 52 flights a day into Pitomnik. [102]:930 Hitler rejected it on a point of honour. – С. [98], The fighting forced a total revaluation of the German situation. British war correspondent Alexander Werth described the following scene in his Russia at War book, based on a first-hand account of his visit to Stalingrad on 3–5 February 1943, We [...] went into the yard of the large burnt out building of the Red Army House; and here one realised particularly clearly what the last days of Stalingrad had been to so many of the Germans. The German public was not officially told of the impending disaster until the end of January 1943, though positive media reports had stopped in the weeks before the announcement. With the Soviets forced into a 1-kilometre (1,000-yard) strip of land on the western bank of the Volga, over 1,208 Stuka missions were flown in an effort to eliminate them. [92][93], Adolf Hitler had declared in a public speech (in the Berlin Sportpalast) on 30 September 1942 that the German army would never leave the city. The German 6th Army was only a few dozen kilometres from Stalingrad. The Luftwaffe also lost close to 1,000 highly experienced bomber crew personnel. However, there were only about 50,000 German soldiers at El Alamein in Egypt, while at Stalingrad 300,000 to 400,000 Germans had been lost. It was only of importance as a convenient place, in the bottleneck between Don and the Volga, where we could block an attack on our flank by Russian forces coming from the east. Most died of wounds, disease (particularly typhus), cold, overwork, mistreatment and malnutrition. [33]:153 As Zhukov states, "The military and political leadership of Nazi Germany sought not to relieve them, but to get them to fight on for as long possible so as to tie up the Soviet forces. VIII. [123] Bartov reported that a great many of the soldiers were well aware that they would not be able to escape from Stalingrad but in their letters to their families boasted that they were proud to "sacrifice themselves for the Führer".[123]. Buy Company of Heroes 2 - Victory at Stalingrad Bundle. Seven hundred tons! Stalingrad. [82] From 21 August to 20 November, the German 6th Army lost 60,548 men, including 12,782 killed, 45,545 wounded and 2,221 missing. The Soviets were initially surprised by the number of Germans they had trapped, and had to reinforce their encircling troops. [25]:528 The expansion of objectives was a significant factor in Germany's failure at Stalingrad, caused by German overconfidence and an underestimation of Soviet reserves. The 62nd Army had been cut in two and, due to intensive air attack on its supply ferries, was receiving much less material support. Before the Heer reached the city itself, the Luftwaffe had cut off shipping on the Volga, vital for bringing supplies into the city. "[96], The toll on the Transportgruppen was heavy. Amid the debris of the wrecked city, the Soviet 62nd and 64th Armies, which included the Soviet 13th Guards Rifle Division, anchored their defence lines with strong-points in houses and factories. During the defence of Stalingrad, the Red Army deployed five armies in and around the city (28th, 51st, 57th, 62nd and 64th Armies); and an additional nine armies in the encirclement counteroffensive[41]:435–438 (24th, 65th, 66th Armies and 16th Air Army from the north as part of the Don Front offensive, and 1st Guards Army, 5th Tank, 21st Army, 2nd Air Army and 17th Air Army from the south as part of the Southwestern Front). Positions were taken individually, but the Germans were never able to capture the key crossing points along the river bank. "[1]:122, Manstein's plan to rescue the Sixth Army – Operation Winter Storm – was developed in full consultation with Führer headquarters. The field at Zverevo was attacked repeatedly on 18 January and a further 50 Ju 52s were destroyed. [32], Hitler intervened, however, ordering the Army Group to split in two. Writing in his diary on 1 January 1943, British General Alan Brooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff, reflected on the change in the position from a year before: I felt Russia could never hold, Caucasus was bound to be penetrated, and Abadan (our Achilles heel) would be captured with the consequent collapse of Middle East, India, etc. 206–07 quotes Zeitzler as pressing Goering about his boast that the Luftwaffe could airlift the needed supplies: "Are you aware ... how many daily sorties the army in Stalingrad will need? [64] Soviet nurses not only treated wounded personnel under fire but were involved in the highly dangerous work of bringing wounded soldiers back to the hospitals under enemy fire. Fighting within the ruined city was fierce and desperate. [15][120] 955 Soviet civilians died in Stalingrad and its suburbs from aerial bombing by Luftflotte 4 as the German 4th Panzer and 6th Armies approached the city. Regular river ferries were quickly destroyed by the Luftwaffe, which then targeted troop barges being towed slowly across by tugs. [33]:212[105][106], On the next day, the southern pocket in Stalingrad collapsed. [99]:283[100]:929 The German High Command informed Paulus, "Every day that the army holds out longer helps the whole front and draws away the Russian divisions from it. $9.99. (1990). "[110], Around 91,000 exhausted, ill, wounded, and starving prisoners were taken, including 3,000 Romanians (the survivors of the 20th Infantry Division, 1st Cavalry Division and "Col. Voicu" Detachment). 2 Nomonhan: Japanese-Soviet Tactical Combat, 1939; MAPS, Meine Stalingradeinsätze (My Stalingrad Sorties), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQ4Jz0H4fAA&feature=youtu.be. In that basement [...] there were still two hundred Germans—dying of hunger and frostbite. This Battle Pack contains: The 2 factory tiles and its mini-campaign of 3 scenarios; 1 NKVD battalion and its recruitment options; 1 Shturmovye Gruppy and its recruitment options Sturmovik battle of stalingrad - Die qualitativsten Sturmovik battle of stalingrad ausführlich analysiert! "They'll be taken away tomorrow, I suppose." At the beginning of February 1943, the Axis forces in Stalingrad, having exhausted their ammunition and food, surrendered[24]:932 after five months, one week and three days of fighting. These belonged mostly to the other two divisions of the 6th Army between the Italian and Romanian Armies: the 62nd and 298th Infantry Divisions. The German soldiers – who had hidden themselves in huts and trenches – offered armed resistance after combat actions had already ended. [33]:28, 30, 40, 48, 57. By 19 December the German army was in full retreat out of the Caucasus, while using the Sixth Army to tie down the Soviet forces. Sturmovik battle of stalingrad - Der absolute TOP-Favorit unter allen Produkten Herzlich Willkommen auf unserer Webseite. Die Fortschritte anderer Patienten liefern ein vielversprechendes Statement über die Wirksamkeit ab. Битвы и сражения, изменившие ход войны. Soviet forces reached the entrance to the German headquarters in the ruined GUM department store. The battle for the German-Romanian airfield at Karpova lasted two days, with Romanian gunners destroying numerous Soviet tanks. [54] Manpower in the city was constantly refreshed by bringing additional troops over the Volga. Some Soviet commanders adopted the tactic of always keeping their front-line positions as close to the Germans as physically possible; Chuikov called this "hugging" the Germans. Rokossovsky's letter also stressed that Paulus' men were in an untenable situation. The speech contained an oblique reference to the battle, which suggested that Germany was now in a defensive war. [1]:122 The exact number of civilians killed is unknown but was most likely very high. The condition of the troops that surrendered was pitiful. The Germans called this unseen urban warfare Rattenkrieg ("Rat War"),[55] and bitterly joked about capturing the kitchen but still fighting for the living room and the bedroom. Paulus refused, concerned about the Red Army attacks on the flank of Army Group Don and Army Group B in their advance on Rostov-on-Don, "an early abandonment" of Stalingrad "would result in the destruction of Army Group A in the Caucasus", and the fact that his 6th Army tanks only had fuel for a 30 km advance towards Hoth's spearhead, a futile effort if they did not receive assurance of resupply by air. Some 35,000 were eventually sent on transports, of which 17,000 did not survive. By 18 December, the German Army had pushed to within 48 km (30 mi) of Sixth Army's positions. Wir bieten dir die größte Auswahl von Sturmovik battle of stalingrad verglichen und hierbei die markantesten Unterschiede gegeneinander gestellt. "Исторические документы. The Soviets flew 11,317 night sorties over Stalingrad and the Don-bend sector between 17 July and 19 November. Snipers on both sides used the ruins to inflict casualties. The two German army groups were too far apart to support one another. The LVII Panzer Corps, commanded by General Friedrich Kirchner, had been weak at first. Without any soldiers to defend the airfield, it was abandoned under heavy fire; in a little under an hour, 108 Ju 52s and 16 Ju 86s took off for Novocherkassk – leaving 72 Ju 52s and many other aircraft burning on the ground. This was accomplished by Romanian Vickers/Reșița 75 mm anti-aircraft guns, which proved effective against Soviet armour. On 20 November, a second Soviet offensive (two armies) was launched to the south of Stalingrad against points held by the Romanian 4th Army Corps. The attacking Soviet units under the command of Gen. Nikolay Vatutin consisted of three complete armies, the 1st Guards Army, 5th Tank Army and 21st Army, including a total of 18 infantry divisions, eight tank brigades, two motorised brigades, six cavalry divisions and one anti-tank brigade. The attack was supported by intense Luftwaffe bombing that reduced much of the city to rubble. In deciding to promote Paulus, Hitler noted that there was no record of a German or Prussian field marshal having ever surrendered. [1]:82[79]:265, On 8 November, substantial units from Luftflotte 4 were withdrawn to combat the Allied landings in North Africa. He denied that he was the commander of the remaining northern pocket in Stalingrad and refused to issue an order in his name for them to surrender. [58]:154–68 On the other hand, Beevor noted the often extraordinary bravery of the Soviet soldiers in a battle that was only comparable to Verdun, and argued that terror alone cannot explain such self-sacrifice. In autumn, the Soviet generals Georgy Zhukov and Aleksandr Vasilevsky, responsible for strategic planning in the Stalingrad area, concentrated forces in the steppes to the north and south of the city. [4]:195 Determined to crush Soviet resistance, Luftflotte 4's Stukawaffe flew 900 individual sorties against Soviet positions at the Stalingrad Tractor Factory on 5 October. Heavy fighting continued for another two months. The German offensive to capture Stalingrad began in August 1942, using the 6th Army and elements of the 4th Panzer Army. Anton Joly, Stalingrad Battle Atlas, Volume II (2017), 34. Other losses included 42 Ju 86s, 9 Fw 200 Condors, 5 He 177 bombers and 1 Ju 290. [1]:122–23 According to a contemporary Soviet report, 5,762 guns, 1,312 mortars, 12,701 heavy machine guns, 156,987 rifles, 80,438 sub-machine guns, 10,722 trucks, 744 aircraft; 1,666 tanks, 261 other armoured vehicles, 571 half-tracks and 10,679 motorcycles were captured by the Soviets. The 369th (Croatian) Reinforced Infantry Regiment was the only non-German unit[44] selected by the Wehrmacht to enter Stalingrad city during assault operations. This resulted in a very thin line, with some sectors where 1–2 km (0.62–1.24 mi) stretches were being defended by a single platoon. Hitler proclaimed that after Stalingrad's capture, its male citizens were to be killed and all women and children were to be deported because its population was "thoroughly communistic" and "especially dangerous". After German intentions became clear in July 1942, Stalin appointed General Andrey Yeryomenko commander of the Southeastern Front on 1 August 1942. Exceptionally intense shelling and bombing paved the way for the first German assault groups. It consisted of two Romanian cavalry divisions and the 23rd Panzer Division, which mustered no more than thirty serviceable tanks. These losses amounted to about 50 percent of the aircraft committed and the Luftwaffe training program was stopped and sorties in other theatres of war were significantly reduced to save fuel for use at Stalingrad. The natural line of defence, the Don River, had never been properly established by the German side. Army Group B was commanded by General Maximilian von Weichs.[24]:915. [26]:144 Stalin was expecting the main thrust of the German summer attacks to be directed against Moscow again. Hitler told Goebbels that the plight of the 6th Army was a "heroic drama of German history. Hrvatska pukovnija 369. na Istočnom bojištu 1941–1943. Scholars have produced different estimates depending on their definition of the scope of the battle. Sturmovik battle of stalingrad - Alle Favoriten unter allen verglichenenSturmovik battle of stalingrad! Here lay more more [sic?] The Romanian Air Force lost 79 aircraft, most of them captured on the ground along with their airfields. "[61], Many women fought on the Soviet side, or were under fire. The fleet's total strength decreased by 40 percent. Some German officers requested that Paulus defy Hitler's orders to stand fast and instead attempt to break out of the Stalingrad pocket. In particular, the so-called HiWis, Soviet citizens fighting for the Germans, had no illusions about their fate if captured. The sick and wounded reached 40,000 to 50,000. [78] Stukageschwader 1, 2, and 77 had largely silenced Soviet artillery on the eastern bank of the Volga before turning their attention to the shipping that was once again trying to reinforce the narrowing Soviet pockets of resistance. [88] The American historians Williamson Murray and Alan Millet wrote that it was Manstein's message to Hitler on 24 November advising him that the 6th Army should not break out, along with Göring's statements that the Luftwaffe could supply Stalingrad that "... sealed the fate of the Sixth Army. After a few weeks on such a diet, he had "visibly lost weight", according to Albert Speer, and Hitler "commanded Zeitzler to resume at once taking sufficient nourishment. In addition, the German 6th Army included between 40,000 and 65,000 Hilfswillige (Hiwi), or "volunteer auxiliaries",[86][87] a term used for personnel recruited amongst Soviet POWs and civilians from areas under occupation. These forces were also lacking in effective anti-tank weapons. It aimed to break through to the Sixth Army and establish a corridor to keep it supplied and reinforced, so that, according to Hitler's order, it could maintain its "cornerstone" position on the Volga, "with regard to operations in 1943". Focusing on the Battle of Stalingrad and surrounding operations, Heroes of Stalingrad allows the player to experience one of the most brutal battles in all of human history. The Soviet 13th Guards Rifle Division, assigned to counterattack at the Mamayev Kurgan and at Railway Station No. These tanks, unpainted and lacking gun-sights, were driven directly from the factory floor to the front line. From the Soviet bridgehead at Mamon, 15 divisions – supported by at least 100 tanks – attacked the Italian Cosseria and Ravenna Divisions, and although outnumbered 9 to 1, the Italians initially fought well, with the Germans praising the quality of the Italian defenders,[97] but on 19 December, with the Italian lines disintegrating, ARMIR headquarters ordered the battered divisions to withdraw to new lines. 282,606 in the 6th Army from 21 August to the end of the battle; 17,293 in the 4th Panzer Army from 21 August to 31 January; 55,260 in the. 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